{"id":2198,"date":"2015-03-20T08:00:25","date_gmt":"2015-03-20T13:00:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ulprospector.com\/knowledge\/?p=2198"},"modified":"2015-03-31T09:15:42","modified_gmt":"2015-03-31T14:15:42","slug":"fbn-probiotics-3-dosage-forms","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/2198\/fbn-probiotics-3-dosage-forms\/","title":{"rendered":"Probiotics: 3 Dosage Forms to Consider for a Great Product"},"content":{"rendered":"

By Francisco Rodriguez<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

\"ProbioticsSM\"Probiotics<\/a> (EU<\/a>) may be the fastest growing category in the dietary supplement industry. The speed at which people feel their effects (14 days or sooner for some) plays a role in this growth. Or perhaps interest in the microbiome stimulated some additional interest in probiotics. And then there\u2019s the reality that gut problems are no fun. That\u2019s enough to stimulate interest for most consumers. With so much interest and growth, you may be interested in formulating your own probiotic product. Below we try to unpack some of the difficulties with making a probiotic so you can be successful.<\/p>\n

Before getting to the dosage forms, there are 4 other areas that need to be clarified.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Consider ingredient selection. If you are choosing lactic acid bacteria (LAB\u2019s)<\/a> (EU<\/a>) or vegetative cells of spore-forming bacteria, it will be essential to protect the formulation and the processes much more compared to a spore<\/a> (EU<\/a>) ingredient. Please note, many ingredients you believe are spores may actually be the same bacteria in a vegetative cell, which will change it\u2019s stability compared to the same bacteria is in a spore state.<\/li>\n
  2. Target potency considerations provide clarification on which dosage form below will be most effective.<\/li>\n
  3. The process and facility controls where the probiotic is manufactured must be closely evaluated before launching your finished product.<\/li>\n
  4. Packaging must be HDPE or glass, unless some of the technologies listed below are used.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Dosage Forms (in order from most to least complex)<\/h3>\n

    Tablets<\/strong><\/h4>\n

    Tablets are often the most cost effective supplement dosage form, but this is not necessarily true for probiotics. This form supports some fantastic products, especially chewable products. However, there are a few major considerations:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Use a spore bacterium or blend like (Deerland<\/a> Enzymes DE111) rather than products that have vegetative cells or LAB\u2019s if at all possible. If you must use vegetative cells or LAB\u2019s then the next considerations are essential.<\/li>\n
    2. For non-spore probiotics you must consider flow agents, diluents and equipment tabletting speed.<\/li>\n
    3. Water activity (aW) levels for each of the other ingredients touching your probiotic must be kept below 0.20 aW. Higher water activity supports microorganism growth, but growth of probiotics in their final dosage form means they are unstable and won\u2019t achieve shelf-life targets.<\/li>\n
    4. Finally, tablet press speed must be as slow as possible in order to limit heat into the tablet. From some work done on tablets using non-spore LAB\u2019s, an average of up to 15x has been necessary to achieve a 2 year shelf-life.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Powders<\/strong><\/strong><\/h4>\n

      Powder probiotic finished goods provide some significant opportunities as they are likely the least complicated of all of the dosage options from a manufacturing perspective. Since ingredient suppliers provide probiotics in a dry, powder form, the main focus for this dosage form will be in aW (water activity) of other ingredients, the processing facility having low humidity, and \u00a0packaging components. The best material for packaging this product is a desiccated wall bottle, sachet or stick pack. This packaging will pull moisture from the product, supporting longer-term stability compared to using a desiccant component tossed into the bottle.<\/p>\n

      Capsules<\/strong><\/strong><\/h4>\n

      Capsules, by far, represent the most used dosage form for probiotics because they allow for 2 major differentiators combined into one form: higher potency and longer stability. Powders can have higher potencies, but stability isn\u2019t quite as good as encapsulation. If you want a 100 billion cfu per dose product or a 1 billion cfu per dose product, capsules allow you to manage your shelf-life very effectively, provided you cover the 4 major aspects of the formula:<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Use the most stable raw material you can find.<\/li>\n
      2. Use a\u00a0facility that handles and manufactures under less than 30% humidity (along with cold storage).<\/li>\n
      3. Use low water activity excipients and packaging recommended above.<\/li>\n
      4. Use HDPE or glass packaging.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        It is essential to choose a low moisture capsule, such as a veggie capsule. Beef gelatin<\/a> (EU<\/a>) contains significant amounts of moisture, which will decrease your LAB product\u2019s shelf-life.<\/p>\n

        The key take-a-ways for making a great probiotic are:<\/h3>\n
          \n
        1. Stable raw materials, spores first or stable LAB<\/li>\n
        2. Less than 30% relative humidity facility<\/li>\n
        3. Other ingredients with low water activity, below 0.20aW<\/li>\n
        4. Optimal packaging with low MVTR or desiccated wall.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Probiotics are here to stay, and the industry has an opportunity to continuously improve on how they deliver these valuable ingredients to the marketplace. The above ideas will help provide some clarity on how to deliver maximum value in products that require high value ingredients!<\/p>\n

          Search probiotics in Prospector now…<\/a> (EU<\/a>)<\/h4>\n

          About the Author:<\/h3>\n

          <\/a>
          \n\"francisco-rodriguez-web-1\"Francisco Rodriguez is the founder of           Supplement Innovator<\/a>, a consulting service for small to mid-size supplement companies. He has worked in the industry for over a decade as a formulator and account executive for companies such as Garden of Life and Danisco. His experience gives him specialized expertise in probiotics, protein, brain health and weight management. Email Francisco<\/a> for information on how Supplement Innovator can help turn your nutrition ideas into reality.<\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          By Francisco Rodriguez Probiotics (EU) may be the fastest growing category in the dietary supplement industry. The speed at which people feel their effects (14 days or sooner for some) plays a role in this growth. Or perhaps interest in … Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":2215,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"episode_type":"","audio_file":"","podmotor_file_id":"","podmotor_episode_id":"","cover_image":"","cover_image_id":"","duration":"","filesize":"","filesize_raw":"","date_recorded":"","explicit":"","block":"","itunes_episode_number":"","itunes_title":"","itunes_season_number":"","itunes_episode_type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[1237],"class_list":{"0":"post-2198","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-food-beverage-nutrition","8":"entry"},"yoast_head":"\nProbiotics: 3 Dosage Forms to Consider | Prospector<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Probiotics may be the fastest growing segment in the supplements category. 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