{"id":261,"date":"2013-11-29T08:00:29","date_gmt":"2013-11-29T14:00:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ulprospector.com\/knowledge\/?p=261"},"modified":"2022-05-11T09:34:59","modified_gmt":"2022-05-11T15:34:59","slug":"pcc-carbomers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/261\/pcc-carbomers\/","title":{"rendered":"Carbomers: Overview, Tips, &#038; Recommendations"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ulprospector.com\/en\/na\/PersonalCare\/search?k=carbomer&amp;st=31\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-263 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/media\/2013\/11\/CarbomerStructure-300x62.png\" alt=\"CarbomerStructure\" width=\"300\" height=\"62\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/CarbomerStructure-300x62.png 300w, https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/CarbomerStructure.png 724w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>Carbomers<\/a> are an important class of materials every formulator should get familiar with. They are high molecular weight crosslinked polymers of acrylic acid with molecular weights of up to 3 &#8211; 4 billion Daltons. Without the crosslinks, the polymer would be a collection of linear polymer chains, physically intertwined but not chemically bonded. Carbomers are polymerized in ethyl acetate, cyclohexane, and typically used crosslinking agents are Pentaerythritol Polyallylether and Polyallyl Sucrose.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_6850\" class=\"thumbnail wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"width: 300px\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6850 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/media\/2013\/11\/pcc-diaper-54639769_OG-300x157.jpg\" alt=\"Carbomers are commonly used as super absorbers in disposable diapers. Learn more about Carbomers in the Prospector Knowledge Center.\" width=\"300\" height=\"157\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/pcc-diaper-54639769_OG-300x157.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/pcc-diaper-54639769_OG-768x402.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/pcc-diaper-54639769_OG-1024x536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/pcc-diaper-54639769_OG.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption class=\"caption wp-caption-text\">Copyright: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.123rf.com\/profile_famveldman\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">famveldman \/ 123RF Stock Photo<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Extensively crosslinked Carbomers are commonly used as super absorbers in disposable diapers. Powdered Carbomers have a dry particle agglomerated size of 2-7 microns (primary particle size 50-200 nm). Dispersions are acidic with a PH of ~3 and when neutralized to a PH of 6-10, the particles swell to around 1000 times their initial volume and the viscosity dramatically increases due to charge repulsion. Salts can decrease viscosity by reducing the charge repulsion. Carbomers can also produce clear gels in water and ethanol due to refractive index matching.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1031\" class=\"thumbnail wp-caption alignright\" style=\"width: 247px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/media\/2013\/11\/EvonikFormulation2.png\" target=\"blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1031 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/media\/2013\/11\/EvonikFormulation2-247x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"247\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/EvonikFormulation2-247x300.png 247w, https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/EvonikFormulation2.png 764w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 247px) 100vw, 247px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"caption wp-caption-text\"><strong>Sponsored Formulation:<\/strong> Luxurious lathering body wash, sulfate-free from Evonik Industries (Click to View)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ulprospector.com\/documents\/1183749.pdf?bs=1483&amp;b=238976&amp;st=31\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Download PDF<\/a> (Prospector Members Only)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The original synthetic powdered alkali swellable Carbomer was trademarked as Carbopol (US patent 2798503) and commercialized in 1958 by BF Goodrich (now known as Lubrizol). Carbopol 940, 941, and 934 were breakthrough technologies that revolutionized how personal care products are formulated and created new types of products that were previously not possible to make.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Carbomer Advantages <\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Very efficient water thickening using &lt;1% polymer (no electrolytes).<\/li>\n<li>Can make aqueous or alcoholic clear gels.<\/li>\n<li>Very efficient at suspending solids and stabilizing emulsions due to the high yield value of gels.<\/li>\n<li>Can make emulsifier free oil in water cr\u00e8me gel formulations.<\/li>\n<li>Can make stable water in oil in water emulsion.<\/li>\n<li>Excellent skin feel (&lt;.5%) and shear thinning rheology.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Carbomer Formulating Tips <\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Carbomers can easily be added to emulsions by addition to the oil phase prior to emulsification.<\/li>\n<li>Easy to disperse powdered grades are preferred when dispersing directly into water.<\/li>\n<li>Adding electrolyte or small amounts of acid to the water phase prior to Carbomer addition significantly improves its dispersion by reducing solution viscosity. Up to 5% dispersions of Carbomer in water can typically be made with this approach.<\/li>\n<li>Use Triisopropanolamine (Dow Chemical) or <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ulprospector.com\/en\/na\/PersonalCare\/Detail\/75\/12100\/Neutrol-TE?st=31\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Neutrol<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> TE<\/a> (BASF) to neutralize Carbomer when gelling up to 90% ethanol.<\/li>\n<li>Use granulated grades to reduce dusting issues during manufacturing.<\/li>\n<li>Be very careful in qualifying new suppliers for an existing Carbomer. These rarely have the same performance characteristics.<\/li>\n<li>Carbomers are more sensitive to shear after neutralization than before.<\/li>\n<li>Carbomers are UV sensitive. You need to incorporate a UV absorber into gels when using clear packaging.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Key Suppliers<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ulprospector.com\/en\/na\/PersonalCare\/Suppliers\/76\/Lubrizol?st=31\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lubrizol<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ulprospector.com\/en\/na\/PersonalCare\/Suppliers\/1584\/3V?st=31\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">3V<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ulprospector.com\/en\/na\/PersonalCare\/Suppliers\/28992\/Sumitomo-Seika-Chemicals-Co--Ltd\/search?sug=1&amp;st=31\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sumitomo Seika<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Recommended Materials <\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ulprospector.com\/en\/na\/PersonalCare\/Detail\/76\/225756\/Carbopol-Ultrez-30-Polymerst?=31\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ultrez 30<\/a> (Carbomer-Lubrizol) has significantly better electrolyte tolerance than other grades of Carbomer. High clarity and good skin feel are also claimed. A 1% dispersion with 1% sodium chloride has a viscosity of 9500-12000 cps.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ulprospector.com\/en\/na\/PersonalCare\/Detail\/76\/3758\/Carbopol-Ultrez-10-Polymer?st=31\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ultrez 10<\/a> (Carbomer- Lubrizol) is a universal Carbomer for broad application. It is also one of the best Carbomers for hydrogen peroxide stability. A .5% dispersion has a viscosity of 55K cps. Sumitomo Seika sells an equivalent called Aquapec 505ED<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div style=\"width: 600px; border: 1px solid #000; border-color: #B10820; font-family: 'Gill Sans', 'Gill Sans MT', 'Myriad Pro', 'DejaVu Sans Condensed', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; padding: 0;\">\n<div style=\"width: 598px; height: 20; padding: 5px; background-color: #ccc;\">Sponsored Products<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 5px; border: 0px solid #000; border-color: #B10820;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ulprospector.com\/en\/na\/PersonalCare\/Detail\/1483\/116760\/TEGO-CARBOMER-140-G?st=31\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">TEGO<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> CARBOMER 140 G<\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 5px; border: 0px solid #000; border-color: #B10820;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ulprospector.com\/en\/na\/PersonalCare\/Detail\/305\/213115\/Ashland-981-Carbomer?st=31\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ashland\u2122 981 Carbomer<\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 5px; border: 0px solid #000; border-color: #B10820;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ulprospector.com\/en\/na\/PersonalCare\/Detail\/1483\/52405\/TEGO-Carbomer-341-ER?st=31\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">TEGO<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> Carbomer 341 ER<\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 5px; border: 0px solid #000; border-color: #B10820;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ulprospector.com\/en\/na\/PersonalCare\/Detail\/3408\/114209\/TC-CARBOMER-351?st=31\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">TC-CARBOMER 351<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Further reading:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/5286\/pcc-anhydrous-oil-gellant-technology?st=31\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Anhydrous Oil Gellant Technology<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/6518\/pcc-formulating-clear-oil-water-dispersions?st=31\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Let\u2019s Be Clear: Formulating Clear Oil in Water Dispersions<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/330\/pcc-solubilizing-oils-water?st=31\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Solubilizing Oils into Water<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Carbomers are an important class of materials every formulator should get familiar with. They are high molecular weight crosslinked polymers of acrylic acid with molecular weights of up to 3 &#8211; 4 billion Daltons. Without the crosslinks, the polymer would &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/261\/pcc-carbomers\/\">Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":6851,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"episode_type":"","audio_file":"","podmotor_file_id":"","podmotor_episode_id":"","cover_image":"","cover_image_id":"","duration":"","filesize":"","filesize_raw":"","date_recorded":"","explicit":"","block":"","itunes_episode_number":"","itunes_title":"","itunes_season_number":"","itunes_episode_type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[219],"ppma_author":[1251],"class_list":{"0":"post-261","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-personal-care-cosmetics-cleaners","8":"tag-category-overview","9":"entry"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Carbomers: Overview, recommendations, and formulating tips<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Expert personal care formulator George Deckner discusses carbomers, including advantages, formulation tips, key suppliers, recommended materials and more.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/261\/pcc-carbomers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Carbomers: Overview, recommendations, and formulating tips\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Expert personal care formulator George Deckner discusses carbomers, including advantages, formulation tips, key suppliers, recommended materials and more.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/261\/pcc-carbomers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Prospector Knowledge Center\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2013-11-29T14:00:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-05-11T15:34:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/pcc-diaper-54639769_OG.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"628\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"George Deckner\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/media\/2013\/11\/pcc-diaper-54639769_600x400-150x150.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"George Deckner\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ulprospector.ul.com\\\/261\\\/pcc-carbomers\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ulprospector.ul.com\\\/261\\\/pcc-carbomers\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"George Deckner\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ulprospector.ul.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/4e8c804f4d62b747a0827fe8a3456717\"},\"headline\":\"Carbomers: Overview, Tips, &#038; 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His rich professional background in innovative product development, research, material science and exploratory formulation, as well as a passion for developing products that make people\u2019s lives more comfortable and happy, inform the articles he writes for Knowledge.ULProspector.com. In addition to lending his industry expertise to Prospector, George consults with personal care and cosmetics suppliers. He founded his consulting practice, Deckner Consulting Services, after retiring from Procter &amp; Gamble in 2013, where he was a Victor Miles Research Fellow. While at Procter and Gamble, he worked in skin care product development, global fragrance development, and most recently oral care product development in the Oral Care Advanced Technology Innovation Group. Before being appointed a Victor Miles Research Fellow, he also served as Associate Director of Exploratory Formulation for skin care product development. While at Procter &amp; Gamble, George was one of the top inventors, with 354 granted and filed global patents (201 U.S. patents). He helped develop many of the core platform technologies used in skin care today with numerous products commercialized under the Olay, Bain de Soleil, Clearasil, Noxzema and SK2 brands. Previously, George was a Senior Chemist and Manager in the area of skin care product development, as well as the Director of Exploratory Formulation for Charles of the Ritz Group. During this time, George received the President\u2019s Cup Award for outstanding business contribution and developed numerous marketed skin care products under the Bain de Soleil, Jean Nate, Yves Saint Laurent and Charles of the Ritz Brands. George is a current member of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists and is on the scientific advisory board for Cosmetics &amp; Toiletries Magazine. He is a frequent guest lecturer for numerous key global suppliers, as well as for local and national SCC meetings. George is an avid tennis player and follower of the sport. He lives in Cincinnati, Ohio. 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Recommendations"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/","name":"Prospector Knowledge Center","description":"Welcome to the blog for UL Prospector, the most comprehensive raw material search engine for product developers.","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/#\/schema\/person\/4e8c804f4d62b747a0827fe8a3456717","name":"George Deckner","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/media\/2017\/10\/George-Deckner_avatar_1508792845-96x96.jpgf40b8891938b807510ab3bd42403f908","url":"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/media\/2017\/10\/George-Deckner_avatar_1508792845-96x96.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/ulprospector.ul.com\/media\/2017\/10\/George-Deckner_avatar_1508792845-96x96.jpg","caption":"George Deckner"},"description":"George Deckner brings over 40 years of experience as a formulating chemist to his role as a personal care and cosmetics industry expert at Prospector. His rich professional background in innovative product development, research, material science and exploratory formulation, as well as a passion for developing products that make people\u2019s lives more comfortable and happy, inform the articles he writes for Knowledge.ULProspector.com. In addition to lending his industry expertise to Prospector, George consults with personal care and cosmetics suppliers. He founded his consulting practice, Deckner Consulting Services, after retiring from Procter &amp; Gamble in 2013, where he was a Victor Miles Research Fellow. While at Procter and Gamble, he worked in skin care product development, global fragrance development, and most recently oral care product development in the Oral Care Advanced Technology Innovation Group. Before being appointed a Victor Miles Research Fellow, he also served as Associate Director of Exploratory Formulation for skin care product development. While at Procter &amp; Gamble, George was one of the top inventors, with 354 granted and filed global patents (201 U.S. patents). He helped develop many of the core platform technologies used in skin care today with numerous products commercialized under the Olay, Bain de Soleil, Clearasil, Noxzema and SK2 brands. Previously, George was a Senior Chemist and Manager in the area of skin care product development, as well as the Director of Exploratory Formulation for Charles of the Ritz Group. During this time, George received the President\u2019s Cup Award for outstanding business contribution and developed numerous marketed skin care products under the Bain de Soleil, Jean Nate, Yves Saint Laurent and Charles of the Ritz Brands. George is a current member of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists and is on the scientific advisory board for Cosmetics &amp; Toiletries Magazine. He is a frequent guest lecturer for numerous key global suppliers, as well as for local and national SCC meetings. George is an avid tennis player and follower of the sport. He lives in Cincinnati, Ohio. 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